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Boost language development with Pearson english language learner programs. Learn more about Pearsons ELL instructional resources and researchbased pedagogy. Contemporary Metaphilosophy. What is philosophy What is philosophy for How should philosophy be done These are metaphilosophical questions, metaphilosophy being. Wampanoag WikipediaNatik redirects here. For Ngatik Atoll, see Sapwuahfik. Wampanoag. Total population2. Regions with significant populations. Bristol County, Massachusetts, Dukes County, Massachusetts, Barnstable County, Massachusetts, Mashpee, Massachusetts and Nantucket, Massachusetts. Languages. English, historically Wpanak. Religion. Wampanoag spirituality, Christianity. Related ethnic groupsother Algonquian peoples. The Wampanoag, also called Massasoit1 and also rendered Wpanak, are a Native American people in North America. Maplestory V62 there. They were a loose confederacy made up of several tribes. Many Wampanoag people today are enrolled in two federally recognized tribes, the Mashpee Wampanoag Tribe and the Wampanoag Tribe of Gay Head, or four state recognized tribes in Massachusetts. In the beginning of the 1. English, the Wampanoag lived in southeastern Massachusetts and Rhode Island, a territory that encompassed present day Marthas Vineyard and Nantucket islands. Their population numbered in the thousands due to the richness of the environment and their cultivation of corn, beans and squash. Three thousand Wampanoag lived on Marthas Vineyard alone. From 1. 61. 5 to 1. Wampanoag suffered an epidemic, long suspected to be smallpox. Early twenty first century research has suggested that it was leptospirosis, a bacterial infection also known as Weils syndrome or 7 day fever. It caused a high fatality rate and nearly destroyed the society. Researchers say that the losses from the epidemic were so large that English colonists were more easily able to found their settlements in the Massachusetts Bay Colony in later years. More than 5. King Philips War 1. Indian allies against the English colonists resulted in the deaths of 4. Most of the male Wampanoag were sold into slavery in Bermuda or the West Indies. Many women and children were enslaved by colonists in New England. While the tribe largely disappeared from historical records from the late 1. Survivors continued to live in their traditional areas and maintained many aspects of their culture, while absorbing other peoples by marriage, and adapting to changing economic and cultural needs in the larger society. Although the last native speakers of their Massachusett language, Wpanak, died more than 1. Wampanoag people have been working on a language revival project and have produced new native speakers. The project is also working on curriculum and teacher development. Blocks map of his 1. New NetherlandWampanoag means Easterners or literally People of the Dawn. The word Wapanoos was first documented on Adriaen Blocks 1. European representation of Wampanoag territory. Other interpretations include Wapenock, Massasoit and exonym Philips Indians. In 1. John Smith erroneously referred to the entire Wampanoag confederacy as the Pakanoket, one of the tribes. Pokanoket was used in the earliest colonial records and reports. The Pokanoket tribal seat was located near present day Bristol, Rhode Island. Groups of WampanoageditGroup. Area inhabited. Gay Head or Aquinnahwestern point of Marthas Vineyard. Chappaquiddick. Chappaquiddick Island. Nantucket. Nantucket Island. Nauset. Cape Cod. Mashpee. Cape Cod. Patuxeteastern Massachusetts, on Plymouth Bay. Pokanoketeastern Massachusetts and Rhode Island RI near present day Bristol, RIPocassetpresent day north Fall River,Massachusetts. Herring Pond. Plymouth Cape Cod. Assonet. Freetownand approximately 5. CultureeditTraditionally Wampanoag people have been semi sedentary, with seasonal movements between fixed sites in present day southern New England. The men often traveled far north and south along the Eastern seaboard for seasonal fishing expeditions, and sometimes stayed in those distant locations for weeks and months at a time. The women cultivated varieties of the three sisters the intercropping of maize, climbing beans, and squash as the staples of their diet, supplemented by fish and game caught by the men. Each community had authority over a well defined territory from which the people derived their livelihood through a seasonal round of fishing, planting, harvesting, and hunting. Because southern New England was thickly populated by indigenous peoples, hunting grounds had strictly defined boundaries. The Wampanoag, like many indigenous peoples of the Northeastern Woodlands, have a matrilineal system, in which women controlled property in this case, the home and its belongings, as well as some rights to plots within communal land, and hereditary status was passed through the maternal line. They were also matrifocal when a young couple married, they lived with the womans family. Women elders could approve selection of chiefs or sachems. Men acted in most of the political roles for relations with other bands and tribes, as well as warfare. Women with claims to specific plots of land used for farming or hunting passed those claims to their female descendants, regardless of their marital status. The work of making a living was organized on a family level. Families gathered together in spring to fish, in early winter to hunt, and in the summer they separated to cultivate individual planting fields. Boys were schooled in the way of the woods, where a mans skill at hunting and ability to survive under all conditions were vital to his familys well being. Women were trained from their earliest years to work diligently in the fields and around the family wetu, a round or oval house that was designed to be easily dismantled and moved in just a few hours. They also learned to gather and process natural fruits and nuts, other produce from the habitat, and their crops. The production of food among the Wampanoag was similar to that of many Native American societies. Food habits were divided along gendered lines. Men and women had specific tasks. Native women played an active role in many of the stages of food production. Since the Wampanoag relied primarily on goods garnered from this kind of work, women had important socio political, economic, and spiritual roles in their communities. Wampanoag men were mainly responsible for hunting and fishing, while women took care of farming and the gathering of wild fruits, nuts, berries, shellfish, etc. Women were responsible for up to seventy five percent of all food production in Wampanoag societies. The Wampanoag were organized into a confederation, where a head sachem, or political leader, presided over a number of other sachems. The English often referred to the sachem as king, but the position of a sachem differed in many ways from what they knew of a king. Sachems were bound to consult not only their own councilors within their tribe but also any of the petty sachems, or people of influence, in the region. They were also responsible for arranging trade privileges, as well as protecting their allies in exchange for material tribute. Both women and men could hold the position of sachem, and women were sometimes chosen over close male relatives. Two Marthas Vineyard and Nantucket Wampanoag female sachems, Wunnatuckquannumou and Askamaboo, presided despite the competition of male contenders, including near relatives, for their power. These women gained power because their matrilineal clans held control over large plots of land and they had accrued enough status and powernot because they were the widows of former sachems. Pre marital sexual experimentation was accepted, although once couples opted to marry, the Wampanoag expected fidelity within unions. Roger Williams 1. Marriage, which they solemnize by consent of Parents and publique approbation. In addition, polygamy was practiced among the Wampanoag, although monogamy was the norm. Although status was constituted within a matrilineal, matrifocal society, some elite men could take several wives for political or social reasons.
